1. Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C):
   • Antioxidant Properties: Vitamin C is a potent antioxidant that helps protect cells from oxidative stress caused by free radicals. This protection is vital for immune cells, as they are particularly susceptible to oxidative damage during the immune response.
   • Immune Cell Function: Vitamin C supports various immune cell functions, including the production and function of white blood cells such as neutrophils, lymphocytes, and phagocytes. These cells are critical for fighting off infections and maintaining immune health.
   • Enhanced Barrier Function: Vitamin C helps maintain the integrity of the skin and mucous membranes, which act as physical barriers against pathogens. A strong barrier function is essential for preventing pathogens from entering the body and causing infections.
2. Glutathione:
   • Antioxidant Defense: Glutathione is the body's master antioxidant, playing a crucial role in neutralizing free radicals and oxidative stress. By protecting immune cells from oxidative damage, glutathione helps maintain their function and effectiveness in fighting infections.
   • Immune Regulation: Glutathione modulates the immune response by regulating the activity of various immune cells and cytokines. It helps promote a balanced immune response, preventing excessive inflammation and tissue damage while still effectively combating pathogens.
   • Detoxification: Glutathione supports liver function and detoxification processes, which indirectly contribute to immune health by removing toxins and waste products from the body.
3. Zinc Sulfate:
   • Immune Cell Function: Zinc is essential for the proper functioning of immune cells, including T cells, B cells, and natural killer cells. It plays a role in immune cell development, maturation, and activation.
   • Antiviral Activity: Zinc has been shown to have antiviral properties, inhibiting the replication of certain viruses and reducing the severity and duration of viral infections.
   • Inflammation Regulation: Zinc helps regulate inflammatory responses by modulating the activity of cytokines and other inflammatory mediators. Balancing inflammation is crucial for an effective immune response without causing excessive tissue damage.
4. B-Complex Vitamins:
   • Energy Metabolism: B-complex vitamins, including B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, and B12, play essential roles in energy metabolism, supporting the production of ATP (the body's energy currency). Adequate energy levels are necessary for the proper functioning of immune cells and the overall immune response.
   • Immune Cell Production: B vitamins are involved in the production and maturation of immune cells, including white blood cells and antibodies. They support the proliferation and differentiation of immune cells, ensuring a robust immune response to infections.
   • Stress Reduction: B vitamins help the body cope with stress by supporting the adrenal glands and regulating the production of stress hormones like cortisol. Chronic stress can suppress the immune system, so maintaining adequate B vitamin levels is important for immune health.

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